Difference between revisions of "Ladder handling"

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(Defending: Added a remark about additional options for 4th and higher row ladders.)
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In a [[ladder]] situation, the players have two different roles: The player who tries to connect to the edge is called the attacker, and the player who tries to prevent the other from connecting is called the defender. Here is an example where Red is the attacker and Blue is the defender, with Blue to move.
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In a [[ladder]] situation, the players have two different roles: The player who tries to connect to the edge is called the '''attacker''', and the player who tries to prevent the other from connecting is called the '''defender'''. Here is an example where Red is the attacker and Blue is the defender, with Blue to move.
  
 
<hex>R4 C8 Vb2 Vc2 Vd2 Ve2 Ha3 Hb3 Hc3 Hd3</hex>
 
<hex>R4 C8 Vb2 Vc2 Vd2 Ve2 Ha3 Hb3 Hc3 Hd3</hex>
  
Generally the attacker has the [[momentum]]. The defender's moves are usually forced; he has to defend or else the attacker will connect.
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Generally the attacker has the [[initiative]]. The defender's moves are usually forced; he has to defend or else the attacker will connect.
  
 
== Defending ==
 
== Defending ==
  
The defender usually has two options: he can push or he can yield. '''Pushing''' means to play a move on the same row as the earlier moves, while '''yielding''' means to allow the attacker to get one row closer to the edge. The two possibilities are marked with a star in this diagram:
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The defender usually has two options: he can push or he can yield. The possibilities are shown in the following diagram:
  
 
<hex>R4 C8 Vb2 Vc2 Vd2 Ve2 Ha3 Hb3 Hc3 Hd3 Se3 Se4</hex>
 
<hex>R4 C8 Vb2 Vc2 Vd2 Ve2 Ha3 Hb3 Hc3 Hd3 Se3 Se4</hex>
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* '''Pushing''' means to play a move on the same row as the earlier moves.
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* '''Yielding''' means to allow the attacker to get one row closer to the edge.
  
 
It is usually best to continue pushing until the attacker does something else, but occasionally it is essential to yield in order to avoid one of Red's [[outpost]]s, as in the following diagram:
 
It is usually best to continue pushing until the attacker does something else, but occasionally it is essential to yield in order to avoid one of Red's [[outpost]]s, as in the following diagram:
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If Blue pushes in this diagram, Red will be able to connect to the bottom. If Blue yields instead, Red won't be able to. It is important for Blue to yield at precisely the right moment. Had he done it one move earlier, Red would have connected to the bottom.
 
If Blue pushes in this diagram, Red will be able to connect to the bottom. If Blue yields instead, Red won't be able to. It is important for Blue to yield at precisely the right moment. Had he done it one move earlier, Red would have connected to the bottom.
  
Note that in case of a 2nd row ladder, Blue's only option is to push. For 3rd row ladders, Blue's options are to push or yield. For 4rd and higher row ladders, Blue has additional options; see [[Proving that a pattern is a ladder escape]] for a more detailed analysis.
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Note that in case of a 2nd row ladder, Blue's only option is to push. For 3rd row ladders, Blue's options are to push or yield. For 4rd and higher row ladders, Blue has additional options; see [[Theory of ladder escapes]] for a more detailed analysis.
  
 
== Attacking ==
 
== Attacking ==
  
Red usually has three options: he can push, break or jump. The possibilities are shown in the following diagram:
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Red usually has three options: she can push, break or jump. The possibilities are shown in the following diagram:
  
 
<hex>R5 C10 Vb3 Vc3 Vd3 Ha4 Hb4 Hc4 Hd4 Se3 Sf3 Sf2</hex>
 
<hex>R5 C10 Vb3 Vc3 Vd3 Ha4 Hb4 Hc4 Hd4 Se3 Sf3 Sf2</hex>
  
 
* '''Pushing''' means to continue with adjacent moves on the same row.
 
* '''Pushing''' means to continue with adjacent moves on the same row.
* '''Breaking''' means to play on the same row, but skipping one hex.
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* '''Pivoting''' or '''breaking''' means to play on the same row, but skipping one hex.
 
* '''Jumping''' means to go one row further away from the edge. Note that jumping is a move similar (symmetric) to the defender´s yielding; however jumping is usually an offensive move, while yielding is very defensive, hence they have different words.
 
* '''Jumping''' means to go one row further away from the edge. Note that jumping is a move similar (symmetric) to the defender´s yielding; however jumping is usually an offensive move, while yielding is very defensive, hence they have different words.
  
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<hex>R10 C10 Q1 Vc2 Hf5 Ve6 He5 Vg5 Hg4 Vd6 Hd5 Vi3 Hh6 Vi4 Hf7 Vf6 Hd8 Vc8 Hb10 Vc9 Hc10 Vd9 Hd10 Ve9 He10 Hg7  N:on Vg8 Hg9  Vi8 Sj8 Sh9 Si9 Sj9 Sg10 Sh10 Si10 Sj10 Ph8 Pj5</hex>
 
<hex>R10 C10 Q1 Vc2 Hf5 Ve6 He5 Vg5 Hg4 Vd6 Hd5 Vi3 Hh6 Vi4 Hf7 Vf6 Hd8 Vc8 Hb10 Vc9 Hc10 Vd9 Hd10 Ve9 He10 Hg7  N:on Vg8 Hg9  Vi8 Sj8 Sh9 Si9 Sj9 Sg10 Sh10 Si10 Sj10 Ph8 Pj5</hex>
  
[[category:ladder]]
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[[category: Ladder]]
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[[category: Basic Strategy]]

Revision as of 01:35, 2 August 2022

In a ladder situation, the players have two different roles: The player who tries to connect to the edge is called the attacker, and the player who tries to prevent the other from connecting is called the defender. Here is an example where Red is the attacker and Blue is the defender, with Blue to move.

Generally the attacker has the initiative. The defender's moves are usually forced; he has to defend or else the attacker will connect.

Defending

The defender usually has two options: he can push or he can yield. The possibilities are shown in the following diagram:

  • Pushing means to play a move on the same row as the earlier moves.
  • Yielding means to allow the attacker to get one row closer to the edge.

It is usually best to continue pushing until the attacker does something else, but occasionally it is essential to yield in order to avoid one of Red's outposts, as in the following diagram:

If Blue pushes in this diagram, Red will be able to connect to the bottom. If Blue yields instead, Red won't be able to. It is important for Blue to yield at precisely the right moment. Had he done it one move earlier, Red would have connected to the bottom.

Note that in case of a 2nd row ladder, Blue's only option is to push. For 3rd row ladders, Blue's options are to push or yield. For 4rd and higher row ladders, Blue has additional options; see Theory of ladder escapes for a more detailed analysis.

Attacking

Red usually has three options: she can push, break or jump. The possibilities are shown in the following diagram:

  • Pushing means to continue with adjacent moves on the same row.
  • Pivoting or breaking means to play on the same row, but skipping one hex.
  • Jumping means to go one row further away from the edge. Note that jumping is a move similar (symmetric) to the defender´s yielding; however jumping is usually an offensive move, while yielding is very defensive, hence they have different words.

Jumping is used when the attacker has a ladder escape but needs to get further from the edge to use it. Here is a standard example:

Red first jumps to (*). If Blue makes the standard response, Red's next move is (+), making a connection to the bottom.

Examples

In the following game, Red needs a ladder escape to the bottom ladder:

abcdefghij12345678910

Red can get this by jumping to the 3rd row:

abcdefghij1234567891012

Because now i8 is a working ladder escape fork:

abcdefghij12345678910132